LEADERSHIP

Yajun Feng April，13，2019

1.two theories of Ngai Tahu management of their organisation 

• Transformational Leadership

Leadership makes employees aware of the importance of work through the appeal of personalized care. Under good leadership, employees make correspondingly high commitments to leaders, and work harder to achieve the goals by putting their best performance.

EXAMPLE

Changing leadership is more appropriate when the organization needs a lot of change. Ngai tahu is basically an outdoor travel company, so the climate is going to be a major factor affecting tourists’ travel plans. So far, the growth of some major plant species has been affected and the economic development of the tribe has changed as a result of various outdoor tourism activities (Ngai Tahu 2017). After discovering the problem, the leaders decided that some improvements needed to be made, so they asked tribal experts to meet with Ngai Tahu to develop a new plan for these problems and get involved. When funds are available, new technologies will be used to optimize the plan. For example, guided walking is a walking tour that requires visitors to walk to the sound areas of Queenstown and milford. During this time, the most important thing is the weather. This is the focus of the leaders, so the leaders give the tour guides some control, and the tour guides make new walking plans, or continue to carry out their own plans according to the opinions of tourists, and keep innovating. Tour guides need to explore the latest routes to reduce passengers’ worries about the weather. After that, Ngai Tahu invented a system that collects heat from rainwater and wastewater to treat water more efficiently. In response to these changes, Ngai Tahu has implemented transformational leadership.

• Democratic Leadership:

Leaders in the Democratic approach focus on reaching consensus through participation, regularly inviting employees to meet, actively collecting their opinions, and rewarding active people. The democratic leader rarely punishes the employee, so the leader normally receives support and respect.

EXAMPLES

Ngai Tahu operates more democratically. In order to give people more information about Ngai Tahu, leaders built a vod station called Tahu FM (Ngai Tahu, 2017). Most Iwi members listen to the latest news about lake naita every day. The main purpose of this radio station is to understand the views of Maori and tribal people and to promote relations with them. In addition, there are television stations, but the viewing data show that the audience is mainly in favor of radio reception. By 2017, with the tide of the people, the leader decided to use the more popular way, Ngai Tahu set up the live streaming function (Ngai Tahu，2017). In the process of live broadcasting, the audience can directly watch the scene, give detailed explanations, timely collect the opinions of the majority of the audience, or directly answer the questions of the audience. In the process of live broadcasting, managers can also directly ask the audience how they feel in this way. Let the audience more quickly participate in the construction of scenic spots or tourist routes to give the most appropriate answers. During this period, the staff will record all the information and submit it to the leaders. Not only to meet the needs of tourists, but also to complete the construction plan.（Ngai Tahu ，2017).

2.two leadership theories and two group work throries

• Path-goal leadership：

The path goal is a theory based on the leader’s own behavior or style. It is the goal of the staff environment and the employees themselves, in order to improve the enthusiasm of employees and their satisfaction，in order to improve the enthusiasm of employees and their satisfaction.（Northouse 2013.）

EXAMPLE

Overcoming obstacles is a particular concern of this approach. The leadership will give the employee partial control and determine the premise of the goal, but if a special situation is encountered, the final decision is leadership control. Just like Ngai Tahu’s live broadcast platform, the questions asked by the audience are usually the most basic knowledge questions, but some of the visitors who have already experienced will ask deeper questions, including recent travel routes and experiences, maybe Will hope to improve the attractions facilities and walking plans, employees will be in a state of paralysis in the live broadcast process, these proposals will be reported to the management, management needs to discuss and provide solutions to overcome difficulties.

• Contingency theory

The contingency theory is worth noting that the management methods of leaders are not the same, and the most appropriate management methods should be adopted according to the latest situation of enterprises.

Mark,k.&Yvonne,S(2005.)

EXAMPLE

Ngai Tahu is a company that operates with different management methods, from bureaucratic theory to democratic leadership to transformational leadership, using the most appropriate management methods in different situations. For example, bureaucratic theory is generally managed by Ngai Tahu. The leadership directly issues orders, and subordinates should do their own work and have a clear division of labor. Transformational leadership will be the future thinking of Ngai Tahu leaders. Leaders will let subordinates pay attention to this work and promise to complete the work to achieve the desired results, and the leaders will actively join the team, thus winning the staff. Trust and support. This applies to tourist attractions companies owned by Ngai Tahu.

• Tuckman’s leadership 

This goup work style suggests that as the team matures during the leadership process, the leadership style will gradually change, from instructing employees how to work, to participating in the work together, to delegating the work to them. This is a process that makes subordinates go from independent to dependent on the leader, and finally to complete by themselves.(Doug,R,2017.)

EXAMPLE

The strategy team at Ngai Tahu began receiving some of the more difficult proposals（Ngai Tahu，2017）. At first the team members are not clear about the individual role or responsibility of fundraising, and the leader helps the team members to organize their thoughts and define their goals. When consensus is reached, leaders are generally respected. Gradually, the team members will share the existing achievements with the leader, and the leader will promote and realize them. Finally, they will form a pattern that they can solve independently, because the team has a common vision, mainly because the team has made most decisions with the leader before.

• Situational leadership

This group work style is where leaders change according to the maturity of their subordinates and choose the right leadership style to succeed.(Leigh A,2019.)

EXAMPLE

In the large group of Ngai Tahu, there will be some new members to join, and these members’ experience base is basically zero, which means that they cannot be managed by conventional management methods. Therefore, during this period, leaders need to constantly pay attention to these new members and constantly change their management methods.

3.CEO Ariha Bennett–leadership style and describe this theory

Definition: In the decision-making process, democratic leaders are more likely to let employees make decisions together, hold group meetings on a regular basis, and listen to opinions in a variety of ways.

feature:

· All decisions are not made by the leader alone, and both the leader and the subordinate will make a decision.

· Leaders actively participate in group activities and are relatively close to the spiritual distance of their subordinates, and encourage employees to make more comments.

• Encourage creative or active employees during discussions and seldom take punitive measures to allow employees to support and respect leaders.

（Kendra Cherry，2018)。

benefit:

· More creative and creative solutions.

· It takes honesty as a top priority.

· Establish a basic relationship between the team and be more harmonious.

· It can be applied to almost any business decision.

Disadvantage

· Everyone’s opinions are not uniform, and it takes a long time to process decisions.

· Leaders will hesitate because of too many opinions.

• After a failed decision, it will have an impact on the idea and put pressure on the team because the decision is made by everyone.

· Impair the independence of employees, which may lead to undetected talent.

（Olive Miller，2017.）

4.create a hypothetical scenario 

Ngai Tahu purchased a helicopter for the glacier scenic spot, planning to bring a better experience for tourists, and wants to enhance this part of the experience in the future compared with the original helicopter experience.

Ngai Tahu purchased a helicopter for the glacier scenic spot,（Dasha Kuprienko，2018） planning to bring a better experience for tourists, and wants to enhance this part of the experience in the future compared with the original helicopter experience.

Leadership attention to tourists aboard a helicopter, far more than walking on the glacier has a rich experience, so leaders need to develop new programs to meet the needs of tourists, the way of using the theory of change, they introduced a better, more comfortable, safer helicopter service for tourists, let visitors to achieve satisfactory results, and feel better experience.

REFERENCE

1.Ngai Tahu (2017).Retrieved from https://ngaitahu.iwi.nz/investment/ngai-tahu-annual-reports/2017-annual-report/

2.Mind Tools Content Team.n.d.Transformational leadership Retrieved from https:// www.mindtools.com/pages/article/transformational- leadership .htm

3.Kendra,Cherry.2018.Democratic Leadership.Retrieved from https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-democratic-leadership-2795315

4.Northouse. 2013.Path Goal Leadership Retrieved from http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/leader/lead_path_goal.html

5.Linda Oakleaf.n.d.Contingency theory .Retrieved from https://oer.missouriwestern.edu/rsm424/chapter/contingency-theory-of-leadership/

6.Doug,R,2017.Tuckman’s theory.Retrieved from https://the-happy-manager.com/articles/teamwork-theory/

7.Leigh A,2019.Situational theory.Retrieved from https://smallbusiness.chron.com/define-situational-leadership-2976.html

8. Dasha Kuprienko.2018.Ngai Tahu News.Retrieved from https://www.stuff.co.nz/business/82940138/ngai-tahu-buys-queenstowns-top-helicopter-business